Autumn Assortment

It’s almost September so at Out Rawcliffe today our recent strategy changed from that of catching summer warblers to more of an autumn targeted one, aiming firstly for a catch of finches, then secondly the notion that any warblers that come along are a bonus.

We started the morning on a double disaster when firstly Will discovered that he forgot to put coffee in his flask of hot water and milk! Worse was to come when putting nets up in the dawn light we disturbed a Roe Deer that promptly panicked in the direction of where we had just set Will’s almost new 60 foot net. When we checked the net the deer had indeed crashed right through, snapped the bottom strand and left netting all over the vegetation. Such a net costs almost £100 – an expensive morning out. We put the net incident behind us as Will persevered with his warm, milky water refreshment for the rest of the morning, I sipped my flawless coffee whilst steady catching kept us both occupied.

We totted up a good selection of 12 species with 36 new birds and a single recapture. Of the 36 new birds 18 were finches, 14 warblers and 4 miscellaneous. New birds: 9 Chaffinch, 8 Linnet, 1 Goldfinch, 5 Blackcap, 4 Whitethroat, 2 Willow Warbler, 2 Chiffchaff, 1 Garden Warbler, 1 Robin, 1 Reed Bunting, 1 Great Tit and 1 Tree Pipit, the latter one our fourth of the autumn here. The single recapture was a still moulting adult Whitethroat.

Robin
Willow Warbler
Tree Pipit
Linnet
Garden Warbler

One of the Chiffchaffs captured was a very smart, bright juvenile, very smart in fact because as I held the bird for a photograph it snapped at and caught a passing fly.

Chiffchaff
Chiffchaff

The bird watching was subdued this morning and the overall catch better than our simply birding observations might suggest, with 1 Grey Wagtail, 2 Tree Pipit and c40 Chaffinch overhead. Although welcome autumn additions, today’s Linnet and Goldfinch captures represent a small proportion of the two species on site with a sometimes mixed flock of 300+ birds. Otherwise we saw 80/100 Swallow, 2 House Martin, 2 Raven heading inland again, 1 Great=spotted Woodpecker, 1 Skylark, 1 Kestrel and 30+ Lapwing keeping company with a single Golden Plover.

News Or Three

There’s not much bird news this morning. It was too breezy for ringing on the moss so I went over to Pilling where I found 4 Wheatears and a single Whinchat along the sea wall. I didn’t have any luck with the spring traps but did with the camera, and then only with a Wheatear. The Whinchat image is a relic from a Menorca trip.

Wheatear
Whinchat

Other birds this morning: 80+ Swallows, 2 Kestrel, a Sparrowhawk and a Buzzard. A good number of duck on the wildfowler’s pools with 140 Teal, then 80 Goldfinch and 45 Linnet feeding on the nearby thistle heads along Broadfleet and the sea wall.

By special request there are a couple of pictures of the unremarkable sea “wall” that stretches from Cockerham in the north to Knott End in the south. Strictly speaking the construction is a “bund” – an Asian word for an embankment or dyke that surrounds rice fields or a reservoir and acts as a breakwater to prevent flooding. The first photograph is a view from Pilling to Cockerham with the Pennine hills east of Lancaster in the far distance. The second is a view in the opposite direction. It is not so much the wall that produces the birds, more the variety of habitats like tidal shore, farmland and wooded land that lie on each side of the wall along its several miles.

Pilling view

Below is a view from Lane Ends, Pilling looking south to the distant trees of Fluke Hall. Fluke is a regional name for flatfish, more accurately a flounder, found in the shallow tidal sands of Pilling shore and elsewhere.

Pilling view

With the lack of bird news today I’m posting details of three recent recoveries of our ringed birds, all on them recaptured by other ringers in the UK. The first one comes from the ringing of Siskin in Will’s garden near Garstang during early 2011 when we recorded almost 300 Siskin captures. A second relates to a single Goldfinch from those ringed at Out Rawcliffe in the autumn of 2010 and a third to a Reed Bunting also ringed in the autumn of 2010.

A summary of the Siskin ringing in Will’s garden can be read here , but we now have further evidence of where those early spring migrant Siskins were headed and not surprisingly the destinations included Scotland. Ring number L300924, a Siskin ringed on 16 February 2011 was recaptured a month later on 18 March and then soon after took up its spring migration. Later in the year it was caught by a ringer at Tarbot, Loch Lomond, Scotland on 22 June 2011, 288 kms away from Will’s garden. Of course in June it would be in the throes of the breeding season.

Catterall, nr Garstang to Loch Lomond
Siskin

During the autumn of 2010 during September to November we captured 49 Goldfinch at Rawcliffe Moss where we presumed many of those birds to be from further north. In the case of Goldfinch L300722 it proved of no great distance but typifies the often short movements across Morecambe Bay of this and other species (see the Reed Bunting below).Goldfinch L300722 was first ringed at Out Rawcliffe on 10 November 2010 and then recaptured at Walney Island Bird Observatory on 4 occasions between 7th March and 16th April 2011; after these captures it may have settled down to breed nearby or even moved further away during the later spring and summer. The distance between Rawcliffe Moss and Walney is just 29 kms.

Out Rawcliffe to Walney Island
Goldfinch

A young male Reed Bunting L300408 ringed at Rawcliffe Moss on 7th November 2010 was recaptured in the breeding season of 2011 as an adult male at the RSPB Leighton Moss Reserve on 20th June 2011. This movement is fairly typical of juvenile Reed Buntings in travelling fairly short distances during their first winters, in this case just 34 kms.

Out Rawcliffe to Leighton Moss RSPB
Reed Bunting
Fingers are crossed. The weather looks promising for a ringing session tomorrow.

We’ll Wheat Again

OK I know it's a corny old post title and rather gives the game away that I am older than I look, but you try thinking of new post headers several times a week.

It’s been a week or two since more than ones and twos of Wheatears hung about in the usual Pilling location but this afternoon there were eight of them. Torn between photography or ringing I decided to have a shot at both, results below of catching an adult male and photographs of a bird I took to be an adult female. The immaculate, just moulted male had a wing length of 102mm, top of the range for the nominate race.

Wheatear
Wheatear

In total I spent an hour or two with the Wheatears in between sunny-day grockles chasing the birds back and forth along the sea wall, until eventually the birds came back to where I waited at their favoured spot. It was late afternoon and the sun was strong from the wrong direction making “noise” in the background of the images.

Wheatear

Birding wise I totted up 70 Teal, 1 Buzzard, 2 Kestrel, 1 Little Egret, 2 Grey Heron and 1 Peregrine. The warm day had brought in numbers of Swallows and I estimated 300+ over the fields and the shore. After a quiet couple of weeks for the finches their numbers had built up today with at least 70 Goldfinch and 45 Linnet.

Peregrine
Linnet
Let's hope for more news, a longer post and a better title from tomorrow's Another Bird Blog

Poles Apart

No two days are ever the same in ringing, a fact reinforced for Will and I this morning when we returned to Rawcliffe Moss secretly hoping for a repeat of Saturdays’ 50+ bird morning. However an overnight clear sky followed by a bright sunny morning didn’t bode well and at 6am as we fed out nets between our bamboo poles the plantation seemed lifeless.

Our fears proved justified when we packed up at 1015 with a catch of just 19 birds, 18 new and 1 recapture. Fortunately we continued with a catch of the same warbler species of past weeks but the individual totals dropped to single digits. New birds: 6 Chaffinch, 4 Whitethroat, 2 Willow Warbler, 2 Linnet, 1 Tree Pipit, 1 Blackcap and 2 Wren. The single recapture was a Blackcap first ringed on Saturday, and seemingly the only leftover from our previous busy morning.

The Tree Pipit was the third caught here so far this autumn, today’s another handsome juvenile.

Tree Pipit
Chaffinch
Linnet
Linnet

There was a small Chaffinch north to south movement - maybe 30+ birds, the first 2 Snipe of the autumn, 2 Grey Wagtail and 2 Sand Martin. We numbered the local Linnet and Goldfinch flocks at about 50 each. “Otherwise birds” seen: 2 Raven heading inland, one harried by a Peregrine, 4 Buzzard, 1 Skylark, 1 Great-spotted Woodpecker and 1 Little Owl in the habitual spot.

Little Owl

Completely Cuckoo

As recently promised, today’s post is wholly devoted to images of and information about that fascinating species Cuckoo – Cuculus canorus. The photographs are those of a juvenile bird near Nateby on 17th August.

Cuckoo - juvenile

Below is a current summary of the status of the Cuckoo in the UK, reproduced from the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) website.

“The Common Bird Census (CBC)/Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) trend shows Cuckoo abundance to have been in decline since the early 1980s. The species was moved in 2002 from the green to the amber list, and in the latest review met red-list criteria. The sensitivity of CBC to change in this species may have been relatively low, mainly because Cuckoo territories were typically larger than census plots. The BBS shows a continuing strong decline in England and Wales, but not in Scotland. Cuckoo numbers may have fallen because the populations of some key host species, such as Dunnock and Meadow Pipit have declined. Decreases among certain British moths may have reduced food supplies for returning adults, and the species may also be suffering difficulties on migration or in winter. Strong variation in Cuckoo population trends between habitats may reflect regional differences in the main hosts and differing trends in Cuckoo breeding success among those host species: Cuckoos increased significantly during 1994–2006 in lowland semi-natural grass, heath and bog but decreased in almost all other habitat types. Due to climate-induced earlier breeding in recent decades, Dunnock nests have become less available to Cuckoos and those of Reed Warblers more so: this may explain a concurrent increase in the rate of parasitism of Reed Warbler nests.

Cuckoo - juvenile

Cuckoo - juvenile

The Cuckoo’s habits and parasitic way of rearing its young, so unlike that of any other British bird, is well known and documented so I will not recount it again, but in an old book of mine there is a fascinating account of how the Cuckoo was a puzzle to earlier naturalists. From the days of Aristotle to those of Pliny (AD25 – AD75) the Cuckoo was supposed to undergo a metamorphosis twice a year, appearing during the summer months as a Cuckoo. In “Naturalis Historia” Pliny wrote “a bird of the hawk kind, though destitute of curved talons and hooked beak, and having the bill of a Pigeon; should it chance to appear simultaneously with a Hawk it is devoured, being the sole example of a bird being killed by one of its own kind. In winter it changes into a Merlin, but reappears in spring in its own form, but with an altered voice, lays a single egg in the nest of some other bird, generally a Pigeon, declining to rear its own young because it knows itself to be a common object of hostility among all birds, and that its brood is in consequence unsafe unless it practices a deception. The young Cuckoo being naturally greedy monopolises the food brought to the nest by the foster parents and thus grows fat and sleek, and so excites its dam with admiration of her lovely offspring, that she first neglects her own chicks, then suffers them to be devoured before her eyes, and finally falls victim herself to his voracious appetite”.

Cuckoo - juvenile

So those part time philosopher and naturalist guys without binoculars and field guides were slightly off the mark with their theories about the remarkable Cuckoo, but as we now realise there is a glimmer of truth. We have to remember that in those days no one could comprehend migration or the fact that thousands of miles away in a southerly direction lay hot countries where a Cuckoo could while away the winter months and then return to Europe the following spring.

But it sounds like the birders of that period had certainly weighed up the Cuckoo’s eating habits, its preference for large caterpillars, often the hairy ones rejected by other birds. They locate the caterpillars by perching motionless and often upright on a vantage point from where they scan the surroundings, alert to any movement within yards.

Cuckoo - juvenile

Cuckoo -juvenile

Cuckoo - juvenile

Cuckoo - juvenile

With its peculiar life style a Cuckoo may not be not the most endearing of birds but it is certainly one of the most attractive, and I hope I see one next year, and the year after, and……

Cuckoo - juvenile

Read more about the Cuckoo at the BTO's website here.

A Hectic Morning

Will and I met up at Rawcliffe Moss at 6am for another of our regular warbler sessions. It didn’t take too long to realise that the overnight patchy rain had not only interrupted some migration but left plenty of birds in the immediate location. We started catching even as we finalised the half erected nets, and then didn’t have much of a break until we packed up at 11am. In fact we were so busy there is something a shortage of images from the session and we may have missed some of the visible migration, although most of the movement seemed to be taking place in front of our eyes in the mist nets.

Features of the morning were yet more Whitethroats and Willow Warblers plus the continuation of the Chaffinch migration first noted on Thursday. In all we caught 52 birds, 51 new and a single recapture. New birds: 18 Whitethroat, 12 Willow Warbler, 5 Blackcap, 2 Reed Warbler, 9 Chaffinch, 1 Sedge Warbler, 1 Dunnock, 1 Great Tit and 1 Blackbird. The single recapture was a Dunnock from recent weeks.

Eighteen Whitethroats is a good score for such a tiny spot on a map, but this takes our tally of Whitethroats here to 132 for the year. Of the 18 today there was but a single immaculate adult with just completed moult. Note the strong eye colour.

Whitethroat adult

Today's far from unlucky 13 Willow Warblers took our year on the moss to 114 individuals.

Willow Warbler - juvenile

The Blackcap below is a juvenile male, the cap just abrading from the juvenile brown to the winter black.

Blackcap- juvenile male

The single Sedge Warbler caught displayed very prominent fault bars across its tail, an obvious juvenile feature.

Sedge Warbler - juvenile

With many ringing sessions there is an element of just ringed birds finding a net again soon after release, either almost immediately, within a few minutes, or up to an hour or two later. This morning it became noticeable how this simply didn’t happen when almost all of the newly ringed birds didn’t reappear, but very quickly continued their onward migration. We can often see this happen due to the site’s open geographical location that gives clear views to most compass points.

Our busy ringing meant less time devoted to birding but we noted c150 Swallows heading south, 1 Tree Pipit over, c40 Chaffinch heading south and several Greenfinch and Linnet. The Goldfinch roost here is still active with c120 birds leaving the roost at the relatively late time we arrived. The departing Goldfinches attracted in a marauding Sparrowhawk, with a second high flying Sparrowhawk seemingly headed south round about 9am.

Otherwise, 4 Buzzard, 1 Great-spotted Woodpecker, 2 Alba wagtails, 1 Grey Wagtail and 1 Tawny Owl tucked in close to the tree trunk today.

Tawny Owl

Final Swallows And Something For The Weekend

On Thursday evening at Hambleton I ringed the last young Swallows of the year, a nest of three where two eggs lay unhatched, the latter a not unusual outcome at the end of a busy but less than ideal season for Swallows. That’s 54 birds nestlings ringed at the site this year; just an average sort of year without it turning into the disaster I feared during the poor weather of May and June, but figures which broke no records. After this final brood, there are no more active nests at this site so there will be no Swallows finishing off the season into September this year, although there are still birds around other local farms.

This morning saw Swallows again when I looked around the Pilling patch from Lane Ends to Fluke Hall and counted about 140, scattered about the fields and along the shore. With such low numbers about and little sign of visible migration there seems to be a small likelihood of another large wave of Swallows following the mass emigration that took place in early August. Nowadays Swallows arrive historically early during late March and the first week of April, but are perhaps also departing the UK on a different timescale?

Swallow

The image above is from Pilling Water, where I also counted 10 House Martin and saw most of my other birds, best find of which was a Green Sandpiper, flushed from a puddle of water in the sheep pen on my approach. It headed over to the wildfowler’s pools, as regular a spot as any to find one, but there’s no point in trying to photograph an out-in-the-open Green Sandpiper, one of the wariest birds ever. Little point also with 20/25 Teal in the ditches, another species that always fly off long before a human gets too close. The chap dropping the daily wheat supply to the wildfowl told me there have been 200+ wild Teal lately, not to be confused with the farmed Mallards put out for sport.

About here and long the sea wall I found 4 Grey Heron, 1 Little Egret, 1 Redshank, 6 Linnet, 8 Goldfinch and 3 Wheatear. The Wheatears stuck to fence posts today, not to my ideal catching spot of the shore side rocks.

Wheatear

Out on the shore were 3 Ravens, a species now becoming more commonplace in the Fylde where they nest in quiet woods and up high on electricity pylons. I took a few shots of a Kestrel, hovering and circling with an entourage of Swallows.

Kestrel
Kestrel

I spent a quiet couple of hours, taking a rest from the hard labour of ringing sessions on the moss, but if the weather holds those pliers need a spot of oil for the weekend.